Road Maps

← All subjectsOptional Group 1

Computer Science

200 marks · 2 papers · 180 minutes per paper

0%Complete
Preparation duration is an estimate and may vary according to your academic background, available study time and familiarity with the subject.
Stage 1Orientation
0%

Understand the official syllabus, paper structure, marks and preparation resources.

Stage 2Foundation
0%

Build the concepts, terminology and prerequisite knowledge needed for the subject.

Stage 3Official Syllabus Coverage
0%

Cover every official FPSC topic in a practical sequence.

Stage 4Consolidation
0%

Prepare short notes, comparisons, evidence, diagrams, facts, formulas or timelines.

Stage 5Exam Application
0%

Apply knowledge through the paper-specific practice format.

Stage 6Past Papers
0%

Attempt topic-wise and full-length past-paper practice.

Stage 7Revision and Mock Examination
0%

Complete layered revision, weak-area review and a timed mock paper.

Paper 1 · 100 marks

Subject overview

Section-A (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 56

Introduction to Computing

Introduction to Information Technology and Computers, History of Computing, Computer HW and SW Details, Computer System Components and Communication System, Input & Output devices and their types, Storage Media and their types, Types of Computer Hardware, Software, and Programming languages, Information Representation & Number Systems, User interfaces, Major Software Issues, Creation, formatting, and maintenance of Computer documents, Usage of Word processors, Spread sheets, Power -Point, Email, Search Engines, Browsers, Messengers, and Internet , Computers & Society, Information Security/Privacy, Computer Crimes and Ethical Challenges, Viruses, Plagiarism, Intellectual Property Rights, Difference between computer science, software engineering, information technology, information systems, computer engineering and bioinformatics; IEEE / ACM computing disciplines guidelines.

FPSC source page 56

Programming Fundamentals

Basic programming elements and concepts, Problem Solving & Program Design, Components of a programming language, Program development and execution, Program structure, Data types and variable declarations, Standard I/O streams, and statements, Control structures, Standard l ibrary functions, User defined functions and parameter passing, Arrays, pointers, and strings, Structures, unions, and bit manipulation operators.

FPSC source page 56

Object Oriented Paradigm

Object Oriented Programming Concepts ( Object -oriented paradigm, data abstraction , encapsulation, inheritance, Polymorphism), Introduction to Classes and Objects ( classes, objects, data members, member functions), Classes Advanced ( friends, static, composition, this, const), Operator overloading (stream insertion, stream extraction , binary operator, unary operator), Inheritance (single inheritance, multiple inheritances, protected members, method over -riding), Polymorphism (virtual function, pure -virtual functions, abstract class, abstract super class), Standard Template Library (S TL), Files & streams (sequential access files, random access files), File processing, Exception Handling Section-B (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 56

Algorithms & Data Structures

Fundamental concepts, Properties of algorithms, Criteria for an Algorithm, Parameters for selecting an algorithm, Algorithm Representations, Pseudo Code and Flow Charts, Designing Algorithms, Algorithm Analysis and Asymptotic Notations, Classification of Lists, Abstract Data Types, Implementation of Stacks and Queues using ADTs, Searching and Sorting Algorithms (Linear Search, Binary Search, Bubble Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort), Stacks and Queues , Hash Tables (Linear Probing, Bucketing, Chaining), Recursion, Trees (Binary Trees, Binary Search trees, AVL Trees, Two -Three Trees), Graphs, Heuristic (Guided) Search, Genetic Algorithms, Encryption Algorithms (DES, RSA)

FPSC source page 56

Software Engineering

Software Processes, Software Process Models, Agile Software Development, Analysis Modeling, Requirements Engineering, Design Concepts, Architectural Design, D esign & Implementation, Software Testing, System Delivery and Maintenance, Software Evolution Formal Specification, Software Quality Assurance, Introduction to Proofs of Correctness (LNO), Distributed Software Engineering, Aspect -Oriented Software Enginee ring, Project Management, Process Improvement

FPSC source page 56

Compiler Construction

Difference among various type of Translators, Phases of Compilers, Classification of Compilers, Lexical Analysis (Input buffering, Specification & Recognition of tokens, Regular expressions, Finite automata, Syntax Analysis (Context -free grammars and their classification, LL(k) vs. LR(k) grammars, Top -down vs. Bottom -Up parsers, Parsing Techniques, FIRST and FOLLOW sets, Predictive Parsing using LL(1) grammars, Syntax error handling and recovery strategies), Syntax Directed Translation (Synthesized attributes, Inherited attributes, Construction of syntax trees, Top -down translation), Semantic analysis (Symbol tables, Type Expressions, Type Checking of statements), Intermediate Code Generation, Code Generation (Issues in the design of code generation, The target machine, Run -time storage management, Register allocation), Code optimization (Elimination of Redundant code, Folding of Constant, Loop optimization, Peephole optimization, Problems of optimization)

FPSC source page 57

Paper 2 · 100 marks

Subject overview

Section-A (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 57

Computer Organization & Architecture

Fundamental concepts, Overview of a Computer System, Evolution & Performance Languages, Architectural levels, Virtual machines, Processor types, Metrics, Machine instructions, Instruction execution cycle, CISC vs. RISC, Parallelism, Internal/External data representation, Computer Function and Interconnections, Cache Memory, Internal Memory, External Memory, Input /Output System, Computer Arithmetic Micropro cessor and its Bus Structure, I/O Types, Types of Buses, Memory Organization and Structure, information flow and execution in Machine, Instruction Representation, Machine Instruction Characteristics, Instruction Processing, Processor Structure & Function, Control Unit Operation, Micro -programmed Control, Instruction -Level Parallelism And Superscalar Processors, Parallel Processing, Multi-Processor and Multi-core Systems

FPSC source page 57

Computer Communications & Networks

Basic Concepts and Classification of Networks, Cir cuit switching, Packet switching, Multiplexing (TDM, FDM), Layering: OSI and TCP/IP, Application Layer (Network application architectures, HTTP, FTP, Email, DNS, P2P applications), Transport Layer (Multiplexing in UDP and TCP, Connectionless Transport: UDP , Reliable data transfer and TCP, Congestion avoidance and control), Network Layer (The Internet Protocol, IPv4 Datagram, Internet Address Classes, Special IP Addresses ARP, IPv6, ICMP, Network Address Translation (NAT), Internet Routing Protocols and Alg orithms, X.25, Frame relay and ATM, MPLS), Physical & Link Layer Functionalities (Error Detection & Control, ARQ, Link layer addressing, LAN Technologies, Bridges and Hubs, Multiple Access), Special topics (Security, Overlay networks, naming, Content distr ibution networks, Peer to peer systems, DHTs, Network Attacks)

FPSC source page 57

Operating Systems Concepts

Roles of an Operating System, Operating -System Evolution, Structures, and Operations, Classification of Operating Systems, Computing Environments, Design and Components of OS, Process Management, Process Synchronization, Deadlocks, Memory Management, Virtual Memory Management, File Systems (UNIX and Windows Systems), I/O Management Section-B (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 58

Database Systems

Introduction to Database Systems, Relational Dat a Model & Relational Database Constraints, Relational Data Model, SQL, Relational Algebra & Calculus, ER Model, ER to Relational Mapping, PL/SQL Stored Procedures & Triggers, Functional Dependencies and Normalization, Storage & Indexing, Indexing Structur e, XML documents & Web Services, Query Processing & Evaluation, Query Optimization, Transaction processing, Object - Oriented Databases, Distributed Databases, Database Security & Access Control

FPSC source page 58

Digital Image Processing

The relation between Image Processing, Computer Graphics, Computer Vision and Artificial Intelligence; Image Sensing and Acquisition Techniques; Representing Digital Image; Image Sampling and Quantization; Image Storage and Operations; Image Transformations (Translation, Scaling, Rotation, Sh ear); Image Histogram; Image Enhancement (Contrast, Smoothing, Sharpening); Gray -scale and Color Images; Color Models (RGB, CMYK and HIS); Image Restoration; Noise Models; Morphological Operators (Erosion, Dilation, Opening, Closing, Skeletonization, Thinn ing); Image Segmentation; Point Detection, Line Detection, Edge Detection and Boundary Detection; Image Compression

FPSC source page 58

Web Engineering & Technologies

Modeling techniques for web applications, Introduction to web engineering, requirement engineering, requireme nt, types of requirements, functional requirements, non functional requirements, Requirement engineering process (Elicitation and negotiation, Documentation, Validation and verification, Management), HTML(hypertext markup language), Software Architecture, Styles, Patterns, and frameworks, Components of Web Architecture, Classifications of web architecture , Web Application layered architecture ( client server, n - layered, JSP model, struts, OOHDM ), Integration Architecture, Data Aspect architectures, Cas cading Style Sheet(CSS), CSS properties, JavaScript (Functionalities, Events, Variables, Operators), DOM(Document Object Model), XML, RSS, API, Client-side programming using (HTML, XHTML, XML, JavaScript, and CSS), Server- side programming using PHP, Web de velopment process, Web Application Development Methodologies, Web site promotion and deployment, Web applications Issues (Accessibility, testing, performance, operation, maintenance, security)

FPSC source page 58
  1. Suggested ReadingsC++ How to Program Harvey M. Deitel and Paul J. Deitel.
  2. Suggested ReadingsCompilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, and Jeffrey D. Ullman
  3. Suggested ReadingsOperating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne. John
  4. Suggested ReadingsOperating Systems William Stallings
  5. Suggested ReadingsComputer Organization & Architecture William Stallings
  6. Suggested ReadingsComputer System Architecture M. Morris Mano
  7. Suggested ReadingsComputer Organization and Design: The Hardware/ Software Interface David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy
  8. Suggested ReadingsSoftware Engineering Ian Sommerville
  9. Suggested ReadingsSoftware Engineering A Practitioner’s Approach Roger S. Pressman
  10. Suggested ReadingsData Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++ Mark Allen Weiss
  11. Suggested ReadingsComputer Networking: A Top Down approach featuring the Internet James F. Kurose and Keith W. Ross
  12. Suggested ReadingsData and Computer Communications William Stallings
  13. Suggested ReadingsComputer Networks Andrew Tanenbaum
  14. Suggested ReadingsFundamentals of Database Systems Ramez Elmasri and S. B
  15. Suggested ReadingsDatabase Systems Concepts Silberchatz, Abraham & Korth, Sudarshan
  16. Suggested ReadingsWeb Services: Principles and Technology Michael Papazoglu
  17. Suggested ReadingsElectronic Commerce: The Second Wave, Ninth Edition Gary P. Schneider
  18. Suggested ReadingsElectronic-Commerce –A Managerial Perspective Turban, Lee, King, Chung
  19. Suggested ReadingsWeb Engineering Kappel, G., Proll, B. Reich, S. & Retschitzegger
  20. Suggested ReadingsStyling Web Pages with CSS Tom Negrino and Dori Smith
  21. Suggested ReadingsPHP: The Good Parts Peter B. MacIntyre
  22. Suggested ReadingsLearn JavaScript Chuck Easttom
  23. Suggested ReadingsADTs, Data Structures, and Problem Solving with C++ Larry R. Nayhoff
  24. Suggested ReadingsDigital Image Processing Gonzalez and Woods


My Subjects


← All subjectsOptional Group 1

Computer Science

200 marks · 2 papers · 180 minutes per paper

0%Complete
Preparation duration is an estimate and may vary according to your academic background, available study time and familiarity with the subject.
Stage 1Orientation
0%

Understand the official syllabus, paper structure, marks and preparation resources.

Stage 2Foundation
0%

Build the concepts, terminology and prerequisite knowledge needed for the subject.

Stage 3Official Syllabus Coverage
0%

Cover every official FPSC topic in a practical sequence.

Stage 4Consolidation
0%

Prepare short notes, comparisons, evidence, diagrams, facts, formulas or timelines.

Stage 5Exam Application
0%

Apply knowledge through the paper-specific practice format.

Stage 6Past Papers
0%

Attempt topic-wise and full-length past-paper practice.

Stage 7Revision and Mock Examination
0%

Complete layered revision, weak-area review and a timed mock paper.

Paper 1 · 100 marks

Subject overview

Section-A (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 56

Introduction to Computing

Introduction to Information Technology and Computers, History of Computing, Computer HW and SW Details, Computer System Components and Communication System, Input & Output devices and their types, Storage Media and their types, Types of Computer Hardware, Software, and Programming languages, Information Representation & Number Systems, User interfaces, Major Software Issues, Creation, formatting, and maintenance of Computer documents, Usage of Word processors, Spread sheets, Power -Point, Email, Search Engines, Browsers, Messengers, and Internet , Computers & Society, Information Security/Privacy, Computer Crimes and Ethical Challenges, Viruses, Plagiarism, Intellectual Property Rights, Difference between computer science, software engineering, information technology, information systems, computer engineering and bioinformatics; IEEE / ACM computing disciplines guidelines.

FPSC source page 56

Programming Fundamentals

Basic programming elements and concepts, Problem Solving & Program Design, Components of a programming language, Program development and execution, Program structure, Data types and variable declarations, Standard I/O streams, and statements, Control structures, Standard l ibrary functions, User defined functions and parameter passing, Arrays, pointers, and strings, Structures, unions, and bit manipulation operators.

FPSC source page 56

Object Oriented Paradigm

Object Oriented Programming Concepts ( Object -oriented paradigm, data abstraction , encapsulation, inheritance, Polymorphism), Introduction to Classes and Objects ( classes, objects, data members, member functions), Classes Advanced ( friends, static, composition, this, const), Operator overloading (stream insertion, stream extraction , binary operator, unary operator), Inheritance (single inheritance, multiple inheritances, protected members, method over -riding), Polymorphism (virtual function, pure -virtual functions, abstract class, abstract super class), Standard Template Library (S TL), Files & streams (sequential access files, random access files), File processing, Exception Handling Section-B (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 56

Algorithms & Data Structures

Fundamental concepts, Properties of algorithms, Criteria for an Algorithm, Parameters for selecting an algorithm, Algorithm Representations, Pseudo Code and Flow Charts, Designing Algorithms, Algorithm Analysis and Asymptotic Notations, Classification of Lists, Abstract Data Types, Implementation of Stacks and Queues using ADTs, Searching and Sorting Algorithms (Linear Search, Binary Search, Bubble Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort), Stacks and Queues , Hash Tables (Linear Probing, Bucketing, Chaining), Recursion, Trees (Binary Trees, Binary Search trees, AVL Trees, Two -Three Trees), Graphs, Heuristic (Guided) Search, Genetic Algorithms, Encryption Algorithms (DES, RSA)

FPSC source page 56

Software Engineering

Software Processes, Software Process Models, Agile Software Development, Analysis Modeling, Requirements Engineering, Design Concepts, Architectural Design, D esign & Implementation, Software Testing, System Delivery and Maintenance, Software Evolution Formal Specification, Software Quality Assurance, Introduction to Proofs of Correctness (LNO), Distributed Software Engineering, Aspect -Oriented Software Enginee ring, Project Management, Process Improvement

FPSC source page 56

Compiler Construction

Difference among various type of Translators, Phases of Compilers, Classification of Compilers, Lexical Analysis (Input buffering, Specification & Recognition of tokens, Regular expressions, Finite automata, Syntax Analysis (Context -free grammars and their classification, LL(k) vs. LR(k) grammars, Top -down vs. Bottom -Up parsers, Parsing Techniques, FIRST and FOLLOW sets, Predictive Parsing using LL(1) grammars, Syntax error handling and recovery strategies), Syntax Directed Translation (Synthesized attributes, Inherited attributes, Construction of syntax trees, Top -down translation), Semantic analysis (Symbol tables, Type Expressions, Type Checking of statements), Intermediate Code Generation, Code Generation (Issues in the design of code generation, The target machine, Run -time storage management, Register allocation), Code optimization (Elimination of Redundant code, Folding of Constant, Loop optimization, Peephole optimization, Problems of optimization)

FPSC source page 57

Paper 2 · 100 marks

Subject overview

Section-A (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 57

Computer Organization & Architecture

Fundamental concepts, Overview of a Computer System, Evolution & Performance Languages, Architectural levels, Virtual machines, Processor types, Metrics, Machine instructions, Instruction execution cycle, CISC vs. RISC, Parallelism, Internal/External data representation, Computer Function and Interconnections, Cache Memory, Internal Memory, External Memory, Input /Output System, Computer Arithmetic Micropro cessor and its Bus Structure, I/O Types, Types of Buses, Memory Organization and Structure, information flow and execution in Machine, Instruction Representation, Machine Instruction Characteristics, Instruction Processing, Processor Structure & Function, Control Unit Operation, Micro -programmed Control, Instruction -Level Parallelism And Superscalar Processors, Parallel Processing, Multi-Processor and Multi-core Systems

FPSC source page 57

Computer Communications & Networks

Basic Concepts and Classification of Networks, Cir cuit switching, Packet switching, Multiplexing (TDM, FDM), Layering: OSI and TCP/IP, Application Layer (Network application architectures, HTTP, FTP, Email, DNS, P2P applications), Transport Layer (Multiplexing in UDP and TCP, Connectionless Transport: UDP , Reliable data transfer and TCP, Congestion avoidance and control), Network Layer (The Internet Protocol, IPv4 Datagram, Internet Address Classes, Special IP Addresses ARP, IPv6, ICMP, Network Address Translation (NAT), Internet Routing Protocols and Alg orithms, X.25, Frame relay and ATM, MPLS), Physical & Link Layer Functionalities (Error Detection & Control, ARQ, Link layer addressing, LAN Technologies, Bridges and Hubs, Multiple Access), Special topics (Security, Overlay networks, naming, Content distr ibution networks, Peer to peer systems, DHTs, Network Attacks)

FPSC source page 57

Operating Systems Concepts

Roles of an Operating System, Operating -System Evolution, Structures, and Operations, Classification of Operating Systems, Computing Environments, Design and Components of OS, Process Management, Process Synchronization, Deadlocks, Memory Management, Virtual Memory Management, File Systems (UNIX and Windows Systems), I/O Management Section-B (50 Marks)

FPSC source page 58

Database Systems

Introduction to Database Systems, Relational Dat a Model & Relational Database Constraints, Relational Data Model, SQL, Relational Algebra & Calculus, ER Model, ER to Relational Mapping, PL/SQL Stored Procedures & Triggers, Functional Dependencies and Normalization, Storage & Indexing, Indexing Structur e, XML documents & Web Services, Query Processing & Evaluation, Query Optimization, Transaction processing, Object - Oriented Databases, Distributed Databases, Database Security & Access Control

FPSC source page 58

Digital Image Processing

The relation between Image Processing, Computer Graphics, Computer Vision and Artificial Intelligence; Image Sensing and Acquisition Techniques; Representing Digital Image; Image Sampling and Quantization; Image Storage and Operations; Image Transformations (Translation, Scaling, Rotation, Sh ear); Image Histogram; Image Enhancement (Contrast, Smoothing, Sharpening); Gray -scale and Color Images; Color Models (RGB, CMYK and HIS); Image Restoration; Noise Models; Morphological Operators (Erosion, Dilation, Opening, Closing, Skeletonization, Thinn ing); Image Segmentation; Point Detection, Line Detection, Edge Detection and Boundary Detection; Image Compression

FPSC source page 58

Web Engineering & Technologies

Modeling techniques for web applications, Introduction to web engineering, requirement engineering, requireme nt, types of requirements, functional requirements, non functional requirements, Requirement engineering process (Elicitation and negotiation, Documentation, Validation and verification, Management), HTML(hypertext markup language), Software Architecture, Styles, Patterns, and frameworks, Components of Web Architecture, Classifications of web architecture , Web Application layered architecture ( client server, n - layered, JSP model, struts, OOHDM ), Integration Architecture, Data Aspect architectures, Cas cading Style Sheet(CSS), CSS properties, JavaScript (Functionalities, Events, Variables, Operators), DOM(Document Object Model), XML, RSS, API, Client-side programming using (HTML, XHTML, XML, JavaScript, and CSS), Server- side programming using PHP, Web de velopment process, Web Application Development Methodologies, Web site promotion and deployment, Web applications Issues (Accessibility, testing, performance, operation, maintenance, security)

FPSC source page 58
  1. Suggested ReadingsC++ How to Program Harvey M. Deitel and Paul J. Deitel.
  2. Suggested ReadingsCompilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, and Jeffrey D. Ullman
  3. Suggested ReadingsOperating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne. John
  4. Suggested ReadingsOperating Systems William Stallings
  5. Suggested ReadingsComputer Organization & Architecture William Stallings
  6. Suggested ReadingsComputer System Architecture M. Morris Mano
  7. Suggested ReadingsComputer Organization and Design: The Hardware/ Software Interface David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy
  8. Suggested ReadingsSoftware Engineering Ian Sommerville
  9. Suggested ReadingsSoftware Engineering A Practitioner’s Approach Roger S. Pressman
  10. Suggested ReadingsData Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++ Mark Allen Weiss
  11. Suggested ReadingsComputer Networking: A Top Down approach featuring the Internet James F. Kurose and Keith W. Ross
  12. Suggested ReadingsData and Computer Communications William Stallings
  13. Suggested ReadingsComputer Networks Andrew Tanenbaum
  14. Suggested ReadingsFundamentals of Database Systems Ramez Elmasri and S. B
  15. Suggested ReadingsDatabase Systems Concepts Silberchatz, Abraham & Korth, Sudarshan
  16. Suggested ReadingsWeb Services: Principles and Technology Michael Papazoglu
  17. Suggested ReadingsElectronic Commerce: The Second Wave, Ninth Edition Gary P. Schneider
  18. Suggested ReadingsElectronic-Commerce –A Managerial Perspective Turban, Lee, King, Chung
  19. Suggested ReadingsWeb Engineering Kappel, G., Proll, B. Reich, S. & Retschitzegger
  20. Suggested ReadingsStyling Web Pages with CSS Tom Negrino and Dori Smith
  21. Suggested ReadingsPHP: The Good Parts Peter B. MacIntyre
  22. Suggested ReadingsLearn JavaScript Chuck Easttom
  23. Suggested ReadingsADTs, Data Structures, and Problem Solving with C++ Larry R. Nayhoff
  24. Suggested ReadingsDigital Image Processing Gonzalez and Woods


Preparation Progress Report

0%Overall completion
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0Needs revision

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